Altruism—the concern for the welfare of others—is considered a bedrock virtue by nearly all religions and cultures. From an evolutionary perspective, we’re wired for helping others. Giving of yourself—whether it is your time, energy or money—is not just of benefit to those you are helping; A wealth of research shows that altruism and generosity can also have immense benefits for the giver, ranging from enhanced job satisfaction, increased mental health, to more years of life.
It Promotes Mental health
Researchers have shown that altruism offers mental health benefits that can help counter the negative effects of stressful life events. The very nature of altruism counters the self-focused nature of anxiety and depression. People who are altruistic have better life adjustment overall and tend to see life as more meaningful. Altruism is associated with better marital relationships, a decreased sense of hopelessness, less depression, increased physical health, increased job satisfaction, and enhanced self-esteem. Acts of altruism may also neutralize negative emotions that negatively affect immune, endocrine and cardiovascular function.
It Promotes Positive Brain Changes Associated With Happiness
Giving to others releases endorphins which then activate the parts of our brain that are associated with trust, pleasure, and social connection. Being altruistic and spending money on others leads to greater levels of happiness compared to when you spend money on yourself. This happiness then increases the chance that we will be altruistic in the future, ultimately creating a positive feedback loop of generosity and happiness. In essence, it keeps the cycle of “good” going.
It Improves Our Health & Reduces Stress
Evidence suggests that altruism can boost our health. Emotions that are related to altruism such as compassion may help stabilize the immune system against the immune-suppressing effects of stress. Frugality and the shame associated with selfishness has been linked to higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Altruistic acts may also decrease pain by stimulating the brain to release endorphins, which are powerful natural painkillers. By helping others and focusing on others oftentimes we receive good feelings back.
It Promotes Cooperation & Social Connection
When you give, you are more likely to get back. Several studies have suggested that your generosity is likely to be rewarded by others down the line—sometimes by the person you gave to, sometimes by someone else. These exchanges promote a sense of trust and cooperation that strengthens our ties to others—and research has shown that having positive social interactions is central to good mental and physical health. As John Cacioppo writes, “The more extensive the reciprocal altruism born of social connection…the greater the advance toward health, wealth, and happiness”.
It Can Help Us Live Longer
Giving may increase how long we live. Research has found a link between giving and having a lower risk of early death. Altruism not only buffers the association between stress and mortality, but studies have also shown that those who give support to others live longer. A UC Berkley study found that elderly people who volunteered for two or more organizations were 44 percent more likely to live longer.
“If you want others to be happy, practice compassion. If you want to be happy, practice compassion.”—Dalai Lama